Robot-assisted surgery offers faster recovery, lower postoperative pain scores, minimal blood loss and good functional results compared with traditional surgery. As a result, robot-assisted surgery has gained broad acceptance and is the preferred technique many types of surgery. Incorrect patient positioning during robot-assisted surgery or even extended operative time in steep positions places the patient at potential risk of several complications. Implementing standard evidence-based practices has been advocated to prevent these complications. This continuing education activity provides an overview of the general concepts of robot-assisted surgical systems, briefly revisiting historical and current developments, and describing the unique challenges associated various types of Trendelenburg positioning. Best practices for patient positioning during robotic surgical procedures will be outlined and product selection criteria for positioning equipment and devices for use during robot-assisted surgery will be discussed.